Timeline

2015  Valles Caldera National Preserve comes under the administration of the Forest Service
2011  Las Conchas fire
2010  Rio Metro provides first bus service to communities in Sandoval County

2009 Major remodel of Jemez Springs Public Library

2000 Valles Caldera National Preserve created
2000  Cerro Grande fire
1998  Highway through Jemez Mountains designated Jemez Mountain Trail National Scenic Byway
1998  Jemez Valley Medical Clinic opens in Cañon
1998  New post office building opens in Jemez Springs
1997  Sulphur Canyon Internet Service opens
1997  Hot Rocks geothermal site closes
1995  Jemez Springs wins All-American City award
1995  First issue of Jemez Thunder

1989  Community Center built in Cañon

1975  Jemez Springs installs waste treatment plant
1973  Bodhi Mandala Zen Center established
1972  Via Coeli built in Jemez Springs

1967  Hot Rocks geothermal site opens
1967  San Ysidro incorporated

1964  First telephone service; first phone installed in Abousleman house in Jemez Springs
1964  San Pedro Parks established as a wilderness area

1959  Hummingbird Music Camp founded by Lloyd Higgins
1958  American Legion Post #75 chartered
1956  Jemez Valley School District established
1955  Village of Jemez Springs incorporated

1947  Fr. Fitzgerald founds Servants of the Paraclete and Handmaids of the Precious Blood
1948  Jemez Mountains Electric Cooperative incorporated
1948  Rail line up Guadalupe Canyon abandoned and rails taken up; tunnels enlarged for logging trucks
1944  Camp Shaver construction begins
1941  Major flood destroys railroad trestles and miles of track; railroad subsequently abandoned

1935 Logging begins in Baca Location No. 1; road built by CCC from Los Alamos to Cuba
1935 Gusiewa site becomes Jemez State Monument

1925  Rancho Rea opens
1923  Part of Pueblo land condemned to allow railroad construction
1922  White Pine Lumber Company begins logging in the Jemez Mountains;
1922  Tunnels were blasted through Guadalupe Box Canyon to as part of construction of logging railroad

1916   First school in Jemez Springs
1915   Santa Fe National Forest created
1912   New Mexico becomes a state

1907 Post office changed from Perea to Jemez Springs
1905  Jemez Forest Reserve established
1903  Sandoval County created out of Bernalillo County
1903  Nathan Bibo opens mercantile stores in San Ysidro and Bland

1894  (Jemez Springs) Post office changes from Archuleta to Pereat

1881  Presbyterian church and mission established in Jemez Springs
1888 First (Jemez Springs) post office, named Archuleta
1888 First of several visits to pueblo ruins including Guisewa by famed archaeologist Adolph Bandelier
1880 Mariano Otero and Miguel Otero (the senior) pursue plan to develop hot springs as a resort
1887  Post office established in Cuba

1876  Baca Location No. 1 (now Valles Caldera National Preserve) awarded to Baca heirs after decades of court battles
1875  Oscar Loew, U.S. Topographical Engineers, writes report on Gusiewa
1874  Post office established in San Ysidro

1870 – 78 First bath house built in Jemez Springs

1850s (exact dates unknown)  First public bath opened by Archuleta; first settler(s) in what is now Jemez Springs aka Hot Springs aka Jemez Hot Springs
1852  Bernalillo County created (one of seven original counties in New Mexico Territory)
1865 Jemez Springs acequia system recorded

1850  New Mexico becomes U.S. Territory
1849  Lt. James Simpson, U.S. Corps of Topographical Engineers, leads expedition to explore area, reports hot springs
1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo signed, cedes what is now New Mexico to U.S.

1821   Luis Maria Cabeza de Baca Grant awarded, part of which eventually become Baca Location No. 1 and much later becomes Valles Caldera National Preserve
1821  Spain grants independence to Mexicot

Hidden content

Hidden content

1798  Cañon de San Diego grant awarded by Spanish crown
1785  San Ysidro de los Delores land grant awarded by Spanish crown
1769  Joaquin de Naciamento grant awarded by Spanish crown to settlers in what is now Cuba
1768  Ojo de los San Jose grant awarded by Spanish crown (included what is now Ponderosa and the community of Sierra Los Pinos)
1776  Mission church established at Walatowa

1706 Walatowa becomes sole location of Jemez people; first Catholic mission established at that location

1699 San Ysidro settled
1696 Final revolt of Jemez People, who then fled after final defeat in battle on Guadalupe Mesa
1680 Pueblo Revolt

1621   Mission of San Jose de Guisewa, sometimes called San Jose de Jemez, established (now Jemez Historic Site)

1598  New Mexico becomes Spanish colony
1598  First mission at Guisewa (abandoned in 1599)
1583  Espejo-Beltran expedition comes through this area
1581  Rodriguez-Chamuscado expedition comes through this area

1541  First Spanish arrive—Capt. Francisco de Barrionnuevo, under command of Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, explored the valley and noted approximately 30 Jemez villages

Historic Period — Described in detail in the timeline.

Classic Period — Characterized by large pueblos on mesa tops, the largest of which had approximately 3,000 rooms and covered 30 acres.

Coalition Period — Characterized by increasing population, variety of ceramics and mid-sized pueblos, often near rivers and some on mesa tops.

Developmental — Characterized by first appearance of ceramics, dwellings were pithouses near streams.

Archaic Period — Characterized by seasonal hunting camps. First evidence of agriculture, dated to approximately 2440BP as revealed by findings in Jemez Cave on the Jemez River near the modern Village of Jemez Springs.